The testicles becoming loose and tight is a normal physiological phenomenon, which is mainly affected by many factors such as environmental temperature, emotional state, hormone levels, and physical health.
Physiological factors
• Temperature changes: The testicles are located outside the body and are very sensitive to temperature changes. When the ambient temperature is low, the testicles will shrink and become tight to reduce heat loss and maintain body temperature; when the ambient temperature rises, the testicles will relax to increase heat dissipation and prevent excessive temperature from affecting sperm production.
• Sexual excitement: When sexually excited, the testicles will shrink and become tighter.
Pathological factors
• Varicocele: Due to the insufficiency of the internal spermatic vein valve, blood reflux is obstructed, the venous plexus is expanded and tortuous, and the testicles are relaxed.
• Hydrocele: Excessive accumulation of fluid in the tunica vaginalis causes increased tunica vaginalis pressure, compresses the surrounding tissues, causes swelling and discomfort in the scrotum, and may lead to testicular relaxation.
• Testicular inflammation: Such as orchitis or epididymitis, which may cause testicular tightness or pain.
• Testicular torsion: This is an emergency situation, common in adolescents, that may cause sudden pain and tightness in the testicle.
• Trauma: Testicular swelling, tightness, and other symptoms may occur after a testicular injury.
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